6. Ruby

  • 6.19. Ruby block

    You already know how Ruby defines methods and how you call them. Similarly, Ruby has the concept of a block. Blocks are ...
    2025-10-25 13:34:02 UTC
  • 6.20. Ruby module

    A Module is a way of combining methods, classes, and constants. Modules provide you with two major benefits. The module ...
    2025-10-25 13:34:05 UTC
  • 6.21. Ruby string

    The String object in Ruby is used to store or manipulate a sequence of one or more bytes. Ruby strings are divided into si...
    2025-10-25 13:34:01 UTC
  • 6.22. Ruby array

    The Ruby array is an ordered integer index collection of any object. Each element in the array is associated with an index a...
    2025-10-25 13:33:58 UTC
  • 6.23. Ruby hash

    Hash is similar "key" => "value" such a collection of key-value pairs. A hash is similar to an array, except that...
    2025-10-25 13:34:01 UTC
  • 6.24. Ruby date & time

    The Time class is used in Ruby to represent the date and time. It is based on the system date and time provided by the opera...
    2025-10-25 13:33:59 UTC
  • 6.25. Ruby range

    Ranges (Range) are everywhere: a to z, 0 to 9, and so on. Ruby supports scope and allows us to use scope in different ways: ...
    2025-10-25 13:34:01 UTC
  • 6.26. Ruby iterator

    To put it simply: iterate means doing the same thing over and over again, sothe iterator is used to repeat the same thing ma...
    2025-10-25 13:34:04 UTC
  • 6.28. Ruby File classes and methods

    File represents a connection to a normal file stdio object. open returns an instance of this class for a normal ...
    2025-10-25 13:34:03 UTC
  • 6.29. Ruby Dir classes and methods

    Dir is a directory stream that represents a file name in a directory in the operating system. Dir classes also have ...
    2025-10-25 13:34:02 UTC
  • 6.30. Ruby exception

    Exceptions and execution are always associated. If you open a file that does not exist and do not handle the situation prope...
    2025-10-25 13:33:58 UTC
  • 6.31. Ruby object oriented

    Ruby is a pure object-oriented language, and everything in Ruby appears in the form of objects. Every value in Ruby is an ob...
    2025-10-25 13:34:00 UTC
  • 6.33. Ruby Database access-DBI tutorial

    This section will show you how to access a database using Ruby. Ruby DBI The module provides a database-independent interf...
    2025-10-25 13:33:57 UTC
  • 6.34. Ruby DBI Read operation

    DBI provides several different ways to get records from a database. Hypothetical dbh is a database handle sth is a s...
    2025-10-25 13:34:02 UTC
  • 6.35. Ruby connection Mysql-MySql2

    We introduced the use of Ruby DBI in the previous chapter. In this chapter, we use Ruby to connect Mysql to more efficient d...
    2025-10-25 13:33:58 UTC
  • 6.36. Ruby CGI programming

    Ruby is a general language, not only a language for WEB development, but Ruby development in WEB applications and WEB tools ...
    2025-10-25 13:34:06 UTC

Principles, Technologies, and Methods of Geographic Information Systems

 102

In recent years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have undergone rapid development in both theoretical and practical dimensions. GIS has been widely applied for modeling and decision-making support across various fields such as urban management, regional planning, and environmental remediation, establishing geographic information as a vital component of the information era. The introduction of the “Digital Earth” concept has further accelerated the advancement of GIS, which serves as its technical foundation. Concurrently, scholars have been dedicated to theoretical research in areas like spatial cognition, spatial data uncertainty, and the formalization of spatial relationships. This reflects the dual nature of GIS as both an applied technology and an academic discipline, with the two aspects forming a mutually reinforcing cycle of progress.