最近几年来，地理信息系统无论是在理论上还是应用上都处在一个飞速发展的阶段。 GIS被应用于多个领域的建模和决策支持，如城市管理、区划、环境整治等等，地理信息成为信息时代重要的组成部分之一； “数字地球”概念的提出，更进一步推动了作为其技术支撑的GIS的发展。 与此同时，一些学者致力于相关的理论研究，如空间感知、空间数据误差、空间关系的形式化等等。 这恰好说明了地理信息系统作为应用技术和学科的两个方面，并且这两个方面构成了相互促进的发展过程。
5.6.1. Web Services Summary ¶
This tutorial has shown you how to convert an application into a network application.
You have learned how to use XML to send messages between applications.
You also learned how to export a feature from an application (create a web service).
5.6.2. You have learned Web Services, what’s the next step? ¶
Next you should learn WSDL and SOAP. WSDL is a XML-based language used to describe Web services and how to accessthem. WSDL can describe web service, along with details of the message format and protocol used for web service. If you want to learn more about WSDL, please visit our WSDL tutorial. SOAP is a simple XML-based protocol that enables applications to exchange information over HTTP. Or to put it more simply: SOAP is a protocol for accessing web service. If you want to learn more about SOAP, please visit our SOAP tutorial.WSDL ¶
SOAP ¶