最近几年来，地理信息系统无论是在理论上还是应用上都处在一个飞速发展的阶段。 GIS被应用于多个领域的建模和决策支持，如城市管理、区划、环境整治等等，地理信息成为信息时代重要的组成部分之一； “数字地球”概念的提出，更进一步推动了作为其技术支撑的GIS的发展。 与此同时，一些学者致力于相关的理论研究，如空间感知、空间数据误差、空间关系的形式化等等。 这恰好说明了地理信息系统作为应用技术和学科的两个方面，并且这两个方面构成了相互促进的发展过程。
HTML5 has several new form input types. These new features provide better input control and validation.
This chapter provides an overview of these new input types:
Color
Date
Datetime
Datetime-local
Email
Month
Number
Range
search
Tel
Time
Url
Week
Note: not all major browsers support the new Select a color from the Color Picker: Define a time controller: Define a date and time controller (local time): Define a date and time (no time zone): Automatically validates when the form is submitted Tip: Safari browsers in iPhone support Define month and year (no time zone): You can also set limits on the numbers you accept: Define a numeric input field (qualified): Use the following properties to specify the qualification of the number type: Attribute Description Disabled Specifies that the input field is disabled Max Specify the maximum allowable value Maxlength Specifies the maximum character length of the input field Min Specify the minimum allowable value Pattern Specify the mode used to validate the input field Readonly Specifies that the value of the input field cannot be modified Required Specify that the value of the input field is required Size Specifies the number of characters visible in the input field Step Specify the legal numeric interval of the input field Value Specify the default value for the input field Define a value that does not need to be very precise (similar to slider control): Use the following properties to specify the qualification of the number type: Define a search field (similar to site search or Google search): Define the input phone number field: Define an input time controller (no time zone): Automatically validates when the form is submitted Define the input URL field: Tip: Safari browsers in iPhone support Define week and year (no time zone): Label Description < input > Describe the input importer input types, but you can already use them in all major browsers. Even if it is not supported, it can still be displayed as a regular text field. 11.40.1. Input type: color ¶
color type is used in input fields are mainly used to select colors, as shown below:
Example ¶
Choose the color you like: <input type="color" name="favcolor">
11.40.2.
Input type: date ¶ date type allows you to select a date from a date selector. 
Example ¶
Birthday: <input type="date" name="bday">
11.40.3. Input type: datetime ¶
datetime type allows you to select a date (UTC time). 
Example ¶
Birthday (date and time): <input type="datetime" name="bdaytime">
11.40.4. Input type: datetime-local ¶
datetime-local type allows you to select a date and time (no time zone). Example ¶
Birthday (date and time): <input type="datetime-local" name="bdaytime">
11.40.5. Input type: email ¶
email type is used to contain the e-mail the input field of the address. 
Example ¶
email whether the value of the field is valid:E-mail: <input type="email" name="email">
email type and match it by changing the touchscreen keyboard (add @ and .com options). 11.40.6. Input type: month ¶
month Ttype allows you to select a month. Example ¶
Birthday (date and time): <input type="month" name="bdaymonth">
11.40.7. Input type: number ¶
number type is used for input fields that should contain numeric values. Example ¶
Quantity (between 1 and 5): <input type="number" name="quantity" min="1" max="5">
11.40.8. Input type: range ¶
range type is used for input fields that should contain a range of numeric values. range the type is displayed as a slider. Example ¶
<input type="range" name="points" min="1" max="10">
max -specify the maximum allowable value min -specify the minimum allowable value step -specify a legal number interval value -specify default values 11.40.9. Input type: search ¶
search type is used to search for domains, such as site search or Google search.
Example ¶
Search Google: <input type="search" name="googlesearch">
11.40.10. Input type: tel ¶
Example ¶
Phone number: <input type="tel" name="usrtel">
11.40.11. Input type: time ¶
time type allows you to choose a time. Example ¶
Select Time: <input type="time" name="usr_time">
11.40.12. Input type: url ¶
url type is used for input fields that should contain URL addresses. url the value of the field. Example ¶
Add your homepage: <input type="url" name="homepage">
url type and match it by changing the touchscreen keyboard (add .com options). 11.40.13. Input type: week ¶
week type allows you to choose week and year. Example ¶
Select week: <input type="week" name="week_year">
11.40.14. HTML5 < input > tag ¶