最近几年来，地理信息系统无论是在理论上还是应用上都处在一个飞速发展的阶段。 GIS被应用于多个领域的建模和决策支持，如城市管理、区划、环境整治等等，地理信息成为信息时代重要的组成部分之一； “数字地球”概念的提出，更进一步推动了作为其技术支撑的GIS的发展。 与此同时，一些学者致力于相关的理论研究，如空间感知、空间数据误差、空间关系的形式化等等。 这恰好说明了地理信息系统作为应用技术和学科的两个方面，并且这两个方面构成了相互促进的发展过程。
发布时间 ： 2023-08-23 01:42:49 UTC
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After the application project starts, it is necessary to carry out the implementation planning. At this stage, the main task is to determine the system hardware and software design. If the system is not completely self-developed, software configuration should be carried out in the process of software design, otherwise the overall design of software should be carried out。
When configuring software and hardware, the main factors to be considered are：
System data volume；
Number of users and concurrent access；
The existing network environment；
Investment scale；
The position of GIS application in the whole system is whether it is a pure GIS system or a comprehensive information system combined with other systems。
These factors have been basically determined in the strategic planning stage. At this time, software and hardware devices should be further selected according to these factors. In the process of hardware and software configuration, in addition to the above factors, we can refer to the following principles：
Don’t only pay attention to hardware, but ignore the choice of software；
Protect existing investments, including software, hardware, data, etc；
Ensure the scalability of the system；
Consider the development direction of technology；
If the secondary development is to be carried out, the secondary development support capability of the software should be emphasized；
Focus on whether the software and hardware functions can meet the needs of the project；
Performance is also an important factor that can not be ignored。
The function of hardware and software must satisfy the system requirements, and the performance indicators can be defined in advance. Usually, the performance of the system is directly related to the amount of investment. This requires determining an optimal performance/investment ratio according to the amount of investment, so as not to cause waste or fail to meet the project requirements。
The following are some specific suggestions for the configuration of software and hardware of GIS (Table 15-3)。
Table 15-3: Some specific references for software and hardware configuration of GIS
Project | Specific consideration factors |
|---|---|
Software
Hardware
Network
| If the amount of data is large, we should pay attention to the performance of the software in dealing with the large amount of data, and whether it supports galleries or not If the management of data is distributing, software is needed to support the network Whether the software can read into existing data smoothly Does the software support secondary development and support methods (API, control, macro language) Does the software support the database Software must be able to run on existing hardware and software platforms Whether the software supports the Web or not, in specific ways (ActiveX, Java, etc.) Select Data Server Tape recorder, optical disc recorder Scanner, digitizer Colour inkjet printer Inkjet plotter, other high-end plotters GPS receiver, flat panel mapper Notebook computer Hardware platform to enable software to run well Cable/twisted pair, hub Dial-up network support Various special lines |
最近几年来，地理信息系统无论是在理论上还是应用上都处在一个飞速发展的阶段。 GIS被应用于多个领域的建模和决策支持，如城市管理、区划、环境整治等等，地理信息成为信息时代重要的组成部分之一； “数字地球”概念的提出，更进一步推动了作为其技术支撑的GIS的发展。 与此同时，一些学者致力于相关的理论研究，如空间感知、空间数据误差、空间关系的形式化等等。 这恰好说明了地理信息系统作为应用技术和学科的两个方面，并且这两个方面构成了相互促进的发展过程。